Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born on 15 October 1931, to a Tamil Muslim family in the pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram مزید دیکھیں

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, and the Indian Institute of … مزید دیکھیں

Kalam was the youngest of five siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by three elder brothers: Mohammed … مزید دیکھیں

Religion and spirituality were very important to Kalam throughout his life. He made his own spiritual journey the subject of his final book, مزید دیکھیں

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the مزید دیکھیں

Kalam served as the 11th president of India, succeeding K. R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by مزید دیکھیں

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture on "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong. While climbing a flight of stairs, he experienced some discomfort, but was able to enter the auditorium after a … مزید دیکھیں